famous descendants of john of gaunt

Henry VII traced his claim to the English crown through his mother, Margaret Beaufort, granddaughter of John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, and great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt. (ed. John is noted for his signing of the Magna Carta. John of Gaunt received most of the blame for the debcle.[13]. John left Portugal for Aquitaine, and he remained in that province until he returned to England in November 1389. 1, pp. Their magnificent tomb had been designed and executed between 1374 and 1380 by Henry Yevele with the assistance of Thomas Wrek, at a total cost of 592. [30] Most conspicuous in this short poem is the number of references to Chaucer's "beste frend". By then well established, he owned at least thirty castles and estates across England and France and maintained a household comparable in scale and organisation to that of a monarch. An adjacent chantry chapel was added between 1399 and 1403. Nominally friendly lords and even his own fortresses closed their gates to him, and John was forced to flee into Scotland with a handful of retainers and throw himself on the charity of King Robert II of Scotland until the crisis was over.[22]. Through his first wife, Blanche (died 1368), John, in 1362, acquired the duchy of Lancaster and the vast Lancastrian estates in England and Wales. John returned in 1389 and resumed his role as peacemaker. The treaty was sealed by the marriage of John's eldest daughter Philippa to the Portuguese king. His birthplace, Ghent in Flanders, then known in English as Gaunt, was the origin of his name. From 1367 to 1374 he served as a commander in the Hundred Years War (13371453) against France. [7], Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of five points ermine (Richmond)[9], Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, with a label of five points two of ermine (Richmond) and three Azure flory Or (Lancaster)[9], Quarterly, 1st and 4th, France ancien, 2nd and 3rd England, within a bordure compone Argent and Azure[10], Married to: John Beaufort, Earl of Somerset; 13991410, Married to: Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; 14111421. English Royalty. Constance died in 1394. This story always drove him to fury. It is customary for the Loyal Toast to be given by residents as "The Queen, the Duke of Lancaster". If I die out of London I desire that the night my body arrives there, that it be carried direct to the Friars Carmelites in Fleet Street, and the next day taken strait to St. Paul's, and that it be not buried for forty days, during which I charge my executors that there be no cering or embalming my corpse; I will that my executors pay all my debts, excepting the debts for the army, which my beloved brother the Duke of York incurred in Portugal, of which before God and all the world I hold myself free; I desire that chauntries and obits be founded for the souls of my late dear wives Blanch and Constance, whom God pardon; to the said altar of St. Paul's my vestment of satin embroidered, which I bought of Courtnay, embroider at London, certain lands and tenements in London, of which the reversion is purchased, rendering xx marks a year to Dame Katherine del Staple for her life, and I desire that during her life she be paid out of the rents of the Manor of Bernoldwyk, in the county of York; to the prisons of Newgate and Ludgate, in London C marks, to be divided between them; to my most dear wife Katherine, my two best nouches which I have, excepting that which I have allowed to my Lord and nephew the King, and my large cup of gold which the Earl of Wilts gave to the King my Lord, and which he gave me on my going into Guienne, together with all the buckles, rings, diamonds, rubies, and other things, that will be found in a little box of cypress wood, of which I carry the key myself, and all the robes which I bought of my dear cousin the Duchess of Norfolk, also my large bed of black velvet, embroidered with a circle of fetter-locks, and garters, all the beds made for my body called in England "trussing beds," my best stay with a good ruby, my best collar, all which my said wife had before her marriage with me, also all the goods and jewels which I had given her since my marriage; to my Lord and nephew the King the best nouche which I have on the day of my death, my best cup of gold which my dear wife Katherine gave me on New Year's Day last, my gold saltcellar with a garter, and the piece of arras which the Duke of Bourgoyne gave me when I was at Calais; to my dear brother the Duke of York, a gold cup and cover; to my dear son Henry, Duke of Hereford, Earl of Derby, two of the best pieces of arras, one of which was given me by my Lord and nephew the King, and the other by my dear brother the Duke of Gloucester, whom God pardon, when I lately returned from Spain, also a chain of gold of the old manner, with the name of God in each part, which my most honored Lady and mother the Queen, whom God pardon, gave me, commanding me to preserve it, with her blessing, and I desire that he will keep it with the blessing of God and mine; to my dear daughter Philippa, Queen of Portugal, my second best stay of gold, and a gold cup and cover; to my dear daughter Katherine, Queen of Castile and Leon, a gold cup and cover; to my dear daughter Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter, my white bed of silk, with blue eagles displayed, and my best nouche after those before given; to my dear son John Beaufort, Marquis of Dorset, a dozen saucers, &c.; to the Reverend Father in God and my dear son the Bishop of Lincoln, a dozen saucers, &c. and my missal, and my portheus, which belonged to my Lord and brother the Prince of Wales, whom God preserve; to my dear son Thomas Beaufort, their brother, a dozen saucers, &c.; to my dear daughter, their sister, Countess of Westmoreland and Lady of Nevil, a silk bed, and a cup and cover of gold; to my dear Henry, eldest son of my dear son the Duke of Hereford, a gold cup; to my dear son John, brother to the said Henry, a gold cup; after all my debts are paid, and restitution made to all who have been injured by me or my servants, on my account, I desire that my executor pay to the Minister of Bury one thousand pounds; to my said wife Katherine two thousand pounds; to my said son the Duke of Hereford one thousand pounds; to my said son the Marquis one thousand pounds; to my said son Thomas Beaufort one thousand marks; "a mon tres chere bachelier" Monsr. The army reached English-occupied Bordeaux on 24 December 1373, severely weakened in numbers with the loss of at least one-third of their force in action and another third to disease. [8] [9] Though he is always called "John of Gaunt", it is a name he was never called in his own lifetime after the age of three when he received his first title. The John of Gaunt School on Wingfield Road in Trowbridge, Wiltshire,[47] is built upon land that he once owned. His time at the head of government was marked by the so-called Good Parliament of 1376 and the Bad Parliament of 1377. Blanche (1359-1388/89), illegitimate, married Sir Thomas Morieux (1355-1387) in 1381, without issue. Though John was never able to make good his claim, his daughter by Constance, Catherine of Lancaster, became Queen of Castile by marrying Henry III of Castile. Nicholas Harris Nicolas, Barrister at Law, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. 1. The Complete Peerage, or a history of the House of Lords and all its members from the earliest times (Husee to Lincolnshire). John Tilley, Joan (Hurst) Rogers, Elizabeth Tilley, John Howland, Thomas Rogers, Joseph Rogers, Richard Warren, William Brewster and his wife, Mary, Edward Doty, James Chilton, Susanna Furner, Mary Chilton, William White, Susanna Jackson, and Resolved White. Defeats King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485, claims the throne as King Henry VII. Joan's many descendants include the Dukes of York, Warwick the "Kingmaker", the Dukes of Norfolk, the Dukes of Buckingham, the Earls of Northumberland, and Catherine Parr, the last queen of Henry VIII . They married in 1359 at Reading Abbey. He was also depicted as the villain in the Robin Hood tales. He mediated between the king and a group of rebellious nobles, which included Gaunt's own son and heir-apparent, Henry Bolingbroke. Edward (1365) died within a year of his birth and was buried in the Collegiate Church of the Annunciation of Our Lady of The Newarke, Leicester. He also became the 14th Baron of Halton and 11th Lord of Bowland. Married to: Thomas Stanley, Earl of Derby; 14721504. His wife Constance died in 1394, and two years later he married his mistress, Katherine Swynford. Daughter of: King Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville. Blanche was the daughter of John's mistress, Marie de St. Hilaire of Hainaut (1340-after 1399), who was a lady-in-waiting to his mother, Queen Philippa. When he became unpopular later in life, scurrilous rumours and lampoons circulated that he was actually the son of a Ghent butcher, perhaps because Edward III was not present at the birth. Bolingbroke then reigned as King Henry IV of England (1399-1413), the first of the descendants of John of Gaunt to hold the throne of England. John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, KG (6 March 1340 - 3 February 1399) was a member of the House of Plantagenet, the third of four surviving sons of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was the third surviving son of King Edward III of England, and the father of King Henry IV. Also known as: Constanza of Castile, Infanta Constanza. John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, also called (134262) earl of Richmond, or (from 1390) duc (duke) dAquitaine, (born March 1340, Ghentdied February 3, 1399, London), English prince, fourth but third surviving son of the English king Edward III and Philippa of Hainaut; he exercised a moderating influence in the political and constitutional struggles of the reign of his nephew Richard II. After the death in 1376 of his older brother Edward of Woodstock (also known as the "Black Prince"), John of Gaunt contrived to protect the religious reformer John Wycliffe,[15] possibly to counteract the growing secular power of the church. Half brother to King Henry VI, legitimated by Parliament in 1453. The Beaufort Yale, an heraldic beast used as supporters of the escutcheon; The Forget-me-Not flower (Myosotis sylvatica), a reference to the heraldic motto of Lady Margaret Beaufort, This page was last edited on 15 March 2023, at 18:29. London: The St. Catherine Press, p.409, note (f), See his arms with baton sinister in his portrait, Cokayne, G. E. & Geoffrey H. White, eds. [citation needed]. John of Gaunt's legitimate male heirs, the Lancasters, include Kings Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI. Royal Descendants of Katherine Swynford and John of Gaunt: Their Children John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford can count many of Europe's royal persons among their descendants, as well as some American presidents. Married to: Sir Oliver St John, of Bletsoe; 14251437. He was the immediate ancestor of the three 15th-century Lancastrian monarchs, Henry IV, V, and VI. He also became the 14th Baron of Halton and 11th Lord of Bowland. John of Gaunt is a character in William Shakespeare's play Richard II. John of Gaunt was a patron and close friend of the poet Geoffrey Chaucer, most famously known for his work The Canterbury Tales. Henry IV of England (1367-1413) married (1) Mary de Bohun (1369-1394); (2) Joanna of Navarre (1368-1437) By then well established, he owned at least thirty castles and estates across England and France and maintained a household comparable in scale and organisation to that of a monarch. Their son Henry Bolingbroke became Henry IV of England, after the duchy of Lancaster was taken by Richard II upon John's death while Henry was in exile. [25], For the remainder of his life, John of Gaunt occupied the role of valued counsellor of the king and loyal supporter of the Crown. John was the fourth son of King Edward III of England. The children of Katherine Swynford, surnamed "Beaufort," were legitimised by royal and papal decrees after John and Katherine married in 1396. He also succeeded in forcing the Commons to agree to the imposition of the first poll tax in English historya viciously regressive measure that bore hardest on the poorest members of society. [5] Following Gaunt's death in 1399, his estates and titles were declared forfeit to the Crown, and his son Henry, now disinherited, was branded a traitor and exiled. WILL: JOHN OF GAUNT, DUKE OF LANCASTER I, John, son of the King of England, Duke of Lancaster, February 3d, 1397. He was buried beside his first wife, Blanche of Lancaster, in the choir of St Paul's Cathedral, adjacent to the high altar. {{ mediasCtrl.getTitle(media, true) }} Research devoted solely to this person has either not yet taken place or it is currently in progress. Upon his marriage to Constance of Castile in 1371, John assumed (officially from 29 January 1372) the title of King of Castile and Len in right of his wife, and insisted his fellow English nobles henceforth address him as "my lord of Spain". The Beaufort Portcullis, now the symbol of the House of Commons; The heraldic colours white and blue, an old symbol of the Earls of Lancaster. He was a strong military leader in the tradition of the Plantagenets and a royal prince of. Here are 10 facts about the royal ancestor, John of Gaunt. Illegitimate Son (legitimated in 1396) of: John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Katherine Swynford. Catherine of Aragon is descended from this line. His first wife, Blanche of Lancaster, was also his third cousin; both were great-great-grandchildren of King Henry III. Encyclopdia Britannica. In 1397 he obtained legitimization of the four children born to her before their marriage. John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford can count many of Europe's royal persons among their descendants, as well as some American presidents (except for the current one - no one can really say for certain who his ancestors are because they can't find his birth certificate). Alison Weir dispels the myth of a scheming enchantress and reveals her to be a most influential figure of the 14th century . Beset on all sides by French ambushes and plagued by disease and starvation, John of Gaunt and his raiders battled their way through Champagne, east of Paris, into Burgundy, across the Massif Central, and finally down into Dordogne. His vast estates made him the richest man in England, and his great wealth, ostentatious display of it, autocratic manner and attitudes, enormous London mansion (the Savoy Palace on the Strand) and association with the failed peace process at Bruges combined to make him the most visible target of social resentments. Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester (16291700), sixth in descent from Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester, assisted in the Restoration of the Monarchy to King Charles II, who in 1682 created him Duke of Beaufort.
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