bioelectrical impedance pros and cons

M. W. J. Schols, A. M. C. Dingemans, P. B. Soeters and E. F. M. Wounters, Within-day variation of bioelectrical resistance measurements in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Clinical Nutrition, vol. Body Mass Index (BMI): Pros and cons. 2, pp. 266-271, 1990. The primary issues with BIA are: Sensor Placement According to Willett and co-workers (2006) BIA or bioelectrical impedance analysis involves passing a weak current across the extremities (hands and feet) to measure body composition. This method may be of benefit in a field setting, due to its convenience. Her work as an occupational therapist includes: home health, acute care, chronic care, seating and positioning, outpatient rehab, and skilled nursing rehab. A low-level electrical current is passed through the body, and the resistance (impedance) to the current is measured. It's usually recommended to combine it with other methods to get a more accurate assessment of body composition. Hall, Body composition assessment of athletes using bioelectrical impedance measurements, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, pp. However, results can be affected by hydration levels, menstrual cycle, recent exercise and it doesn't provide specific information about body regions. Lupoli L, Sergi G, Coin A, Perissinotto E, Volpato S, Busetto L, Inelmen EM, Enzi G. Clin Nutr. How accurate is BIA in gyms to measure body fat? | Life - Health24 Nutrition Services | Nutritionists | Doylestown Health J. Saunders, J. E. Blevins and C. E. Broeder, Effects of hydration changes on bioelectrical impedance in endurance trained individuals, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise, vol. PROS: 1. . Results can be affected by menstrual cycle: BI results can be affected by menstrual cycle as hormonal fluctuation during menstrual cycle can impact body water distribution and thus the results. S. Sun, C. W. Chumlea, S. B. Heymsfield , H. C. Lukaski, D. Schoeller, K. Friedl, R. J. Kuczmarski, K. M. Flegal, C. L. Johnson and V. S. Hubbard, Development of bioelectrical impedance analysis prediction equations for body composition with the use of a multicomponent model for use in epidemiologic surveys, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. I like looking in the mirror and seeing how . The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the agreement of multi-frequency (MF)-BIA and single-frequency (SF)-BIA with dual-energy X-ray . Comparison of Foot-to-Foot and Hand-to-Foot Bioelectrical Impedance Methods in a Population with a Wide Range of Body Mass Indices. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. These equations will have an error rate when compared to the hydrostatic weighing method, and thus, this error is multiplied with the original error of the reference method to provide a body composition assessment that may be somewhat distant from the actual values reported using a four-compartment model. However, the body fat scale that the researchers tested did not use accurate formulas to estimate BFP. Even though many factors can affect your reading accuracy, a regular BIA scale can show youchanges in your body fat over time. Accuracy is one of its greatest strong point considering the delicateness of structures in human fields like engineering. Body fat scales use bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to estimate the relative percentages of different tissues and substances within the body. Exhale all the air present inside the lungs and then hold your breath BMI: The Pros And Cons - Ralph Roberts Personal Trainer There are several measurement tools to estimate body fat percentage, each have pros and cons mostly related to difficulty, cost, and availability. As the electrical conductivity is different between various bodily tissues (e.g. Because the scales can be expensive, you have probably wondered what bioelectrical impedance analysis is and if it is worth paying for. 407. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/407/1/012018. D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, F. Hartgens, N. B. Vollaard, S. Ebbing and H. Kuipers, Body composition changes in bodybuilders: a method comparison, Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise, vol. Other factors which may impact the BIA measurement and should therefore also be standardised are [16]: The standardisation of hydration status is clearly of importance for BIA, as the method is reliant on estimations of total body water to ascertain fat-free mass. Of all the testing methods, hydrostatic weighing has gained substantial attention. Test type Pros Cons; Bioelectrical impedance analysis: Inexpensive equipment. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Also, as long as the scales are consistent in their measurements even if these are inaccurate they can help the person roughly track the effectiveness of their exercise regimen or diet over time. Aging Clin Exp Res. BIA sends a weak electrical impulse through the body. This is accompanied by the placement of electrode sensors on other regions of the body, like the . Portable (lightweight equipment). A Bod Pod requires specially trained operators, who tend only to use it in research laboratories. Medicine (Baltimore). In large epidemiologic . The assumption that the hydration fraction of skeletal muscle remains at 73% is based on the chemical analysis of six cadavers as part of the Brussels Cadaver Analysis Study [21]. On a handheld device, the two points are your two hands (called hand-hand BIA). Careers. Based on that rate, a calculation is used to estimate fat-free mass. What is Bioelectric Impedance Analysis and How Accurate is it? From the results of this assessment method, the manufacturer constructs an equation using the individual variables mentioned previously to determine what the body fat would be. Bioelectrical impedance (BI) is a method of measuring body composition that uses a small electrical current to assess the relative amounts of lean tissue (muscle, bone, and organs) and fat tissue in the body. Several BIA prediction equations exist for the estimation of FFM, skeletal muscle mass (SMM), or appendicular SMM. A. Weststrate, I. Paymans and K. Van Der Kooy, Factors affecting bioelectical impedance measurements in humans, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. Bioelectrical impedance analysis is an easy-to-use and low-cost method for the estimation of fat-free mass (FFM) in physiological and pathological conditions. In this study, the home-use body fat scales either overestimated or underestimated BFPs. 199-209, 1992. You weigh on land first and then in the water with a special weighing tank. However, later research found that this equation also failed to out-perform the Tanita manufacturer equation, and resulted in wide limits of agreement [12]. Some experts say that segmental fat analysis (using hand-foot BIA) is more accurate because hand-hand devices primarily measure the upper body, while foot-foot scales primarily measure the lower body. People typically supply this information via a smartphone or other electronic device. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a simple, inexpensive, quick and non-invasive technique for measuring body composition. Keep in mind that they are not likely to be very accurate but you can use them to track changes over time. What is Hydrostatic Weighing? - Get Tanked LI Learn about the fundamentals of Agility and even get a practical coaching guide to help you to develop engaging sessions. FOIA analysis (BIA) as a reference in the measurement of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 2.78, 5.31, and 2.25, respectively; predicted data from the radar highly agreed with those from the BIA. Results readily available on the computer screen. Demura S, Sato S. Comparisons of accuracy of estimating percent body fat by four bioelectrical impedance devices with different frequency and induction system of electrical current. The lack of a validated equation for this population, combined with the large individual error reported in overweight and obese populations, suggest that BIA does not provide accurate body composition data for both single-measure and repeated measures. Total body water (TBW) is estimated, and this estimation is used to calculate fat-free mass. Fact checkers review articles for factual accuracy, relevance, and timeliness. BIA is an alternative to more invasive and expensive methods like dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Letter to the Editor; Published: 16 April 2020; May Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Method Be Used in Alternative to the Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in the Assessment of Fat Mass and Fat-Free Mass in Patients with Obesity? 83, pp. Display. MeSH 2015;28(2):165-171. doi:10.1111/jhn.12259, Blue MNM, Tinsley GM, Ryan ED, Smith-Ryan AE. Patients aren't the only ones who inaccurately estimate height and weight. Concordance between muscle mass assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis and by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: a cross-sectional study. The following body fat measurement tools require special machinery and provide much more accurate results: A Bod Pod is a machine that calculates a persons body density. In simple terms, the less the impedance to the electrical current, the greater the lean muscle mass, and vice versa. The difference in bioelectrical conductivity between muscle and fat. The 9 Best Pedometers of 2023, Tested and Reviewed, Measuring Skinfolds for Determining Body Fat Percentage. Body fat percentage is the proportion of fat in an individual's body. Body fat scales are devices that a person can use to measure their weight and body composition at home. Bioelectrical impedance analysis to estimate body composition in surgical and oncological patients: a systematic review. 405-411, 2007. 85-92, 2007. Body fat scales are not very accurate at estimating a persons body fat percentage. One such limitation is the placement of the sensors, and their ability to give readings of total body composition. what are pros and cons of bioelectrical impedance? 70, pp. Keywords: 11, no. Gonzalez-Correa, Clara & Caicedo-Eraso, Julio Cesar. BIA scales estimate body fat percentage using bioelectrical impedance analysis. On a larger commercial. 2017;29:591-7. Research conducted by Jebb et al., [11] found that leg-to-leg BIA using the manufacturer equations resulted in large errors when attempting to predict body fat, relative to the four-compartment model. Comparing Body Composition Assessments - NCSF Accessibility You may have seen body fat scales on store shelves or online that use bioelectrical impedance analysis. 2023 Jan 6;10:1056123. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1056123. Download PDF. 77, pp. This scale uses bioelectric impedance to estimate your body fat percentage, muscle mass, bone mass, and total body water, in addition to measuring body weight in 0.2-pound and 0.1-kilogram increments.It can support up to eight user profiles, but it does not store any scale data for those users. By Charlie BeestoneMay 20th, 2018 | 16 min read. 463-467, 1993. Hand-held BIA 2022 Nov 8;11(22):6606. doi: 10.3390/jcm11226606. Pros: BIA is easy to measure and can be done fully clothed. Bioelectrical impedance analysis does not accurately measure your total body fat. The study mentioned previously on obese subjects [9] reported that in 12 of the 50 participants, BIA underestimated fat mass by 5kg or more. E. Chouinard, D. A. Schoeller, A. C. Watras, R. Randall Clark, R. N. Close and A. C. Buchholz, Bioelectrical Impedance vs. Four-compartment Model to Assess Body Fat Change in Overweight Adults, Obesity, vol. 2-compartment: (e.g. Together, body fat scales and BMI can give a general indication of a persons health. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a valid method for the assessment of body composition. Advances in Nutrition. First we will begin with the pros: Pros It's non-invasive and therefore that means we don't have to cut anyone up or do any injections. 490-497, 2004. and transmitted securely. Validity of bioelectrical impedance analysis in estimation of fat-free mass in colorectal cancer patients. What are the pros & cons of 2-, 3-, & 4-compartment body composition measurement tools? We also outline alternative methods for estimating BPF. A practical guide to bioelectrical impedance analysis using the example Increasing Muscle Mass in Elders through Diet and Exercise: A Literature Review of Recent RCTs. Expert solutions. 2021;12(5):1854-1862. doi:10.1093/advances/nmab016. P. Deurenberg, M. Deurenberg-Yap, in Food for the Ageing Population, 2009 9.4.2 Bioelectrical impedance. Find out more and use our tools to get a better idea of weight, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. A normal balance of body fat and muscle is associated with good health and longevity so BIA tests can aid clinicians in . The mathematical formula then estimates the relative percentages of the following: Fat offers more resistance than either muscle or water. Pros: Hydrostatic weighing is an incredibly accurate technique for measuring body composition. A Bioelectric Impedance Analyzer is a sophisticated scientific instrument, used in research and analysis. F. Kushner and D. A. Schoeller, Estimation of total body water in bioelectrical impedance analysis, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. PROS. Bioelectrical impedance analysis Inexpensive equipment. You may own it personally and you will come across these machines at gyms and clinics. Fat loss diet daily burn, natural body fat burning foods celery, best Deurenberg P. Limitation of the bioelectrical impedance . M. E. Franssen, E. P. A. Rutten, M. T. J. Groenen, L. E. Vanfleteren, E. F. M. Wouters and M. A. Spruit, New reference values for body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis in the general population: Results from the UK Biobank, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, vol. Quick and easy to perform: BI can be completed in just a few minutes and does not require any special preparation or training. However, it does have some limitations. It usually involves the placement of two electrical sources on the feet and hand's dorsal surface. Bioelectrical impedance analysis; Body composition; Elderly; Prediction equations. If you have eaten before the measurement, the measurement should be performed at least 2 hours apart. There are a limited amount of comparisons between BIA and the reference four-compartment model in athletic populations. Body fat scale accuracy: How they work and alternative methods Below is more to help you decide. A technician can then use a mathematical formula to estimate the persons BFP. 44, pp. MNT Exam 1. 5-12, 1999. How much should I weigh for my height and age. In contrast, bone and adipose tissue are dielectric substances and are poor conductors [4]. Because lean tissue conducts electricity better than fat tissue, the resistance will be higher in a person with a higher body fat percentage. The scales then use a mathematical formula that incorporates the value for electrical resistance with information about a persons age, height, and gender. Fitbit vs. Apple Watch: Which Fitness Tracker is Better? Although BIA was primarily used to determine changes in dialysis patients [2], it is a method now used to determine body composition across a range of populations, including athletes [2, 3], obese individuals [4, 5] and the general population [3]. Understanding how much fat and muscle make up the body can be an important tool for people looking to track their overall health. The term body composition refers to the relative percentages of fat, muscle, and water inside the body. Wang D, Zhou H, Hu Y, Che Y, Ye X, Chen J, Fu J, Xu H. Front Public Health. Eur J Clin Nutr. As such, the following areas of research are needed to expand current knowledge on this topic: To conclude, it is likely that BIA is not a suitable body composition assessment method for athletic populations. When using the bioelectrical impedance analyzer, the measurement should be done on an empty stomach. Bioelectrical impedance equipments and monitors have become affordable. R. Esco, M. S. Olson, H. N. Williford, S. N. Lizana and A. R. Russell, The accuracy of hand to hand bioelectrical impedance analysis in predicting body composition in college-age female athletes, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, vol. What's the Best Way to Assess Your Body Composition? - US News Health The validity of BIA for one-off measures of body composition Some studies showed that bioelectrical impedance analysis is a reasonably accurate method for estimating body fat. Does not provide information about specific body regions: BI does not provide information about specific body regions, such as the distribution of fat in the abdominal area, which is a risk factor for certain health conditions. Malia Frey is a weight loss expert, certified health coach, weight management specialist, personal trainer, and fitness nutrition specialist. The need to standardise eating, exercise, and both acute and chronic hydration changes are clearly important to provide valid body composition estimations. Would you like email updates of new search results? greater muscle mass, leaner, etc. The reliability of BIA measurements is influenced by various factors related to the instrument itself, including electrodes, operator, subject, and environment. 42, pp. The reliability of . Percentage of body fat is strongly associated with the risk of several chronic diseases but its accurate measurement is difficult. Not invasive. Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) is commonly used in research to assess body composition. There is no "perfect weight" that applies to all of us. 25, no. Measurement of lean body mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a Buccholz, C. Bartok and D. A. Schoeller, The Validity of Bioelectrical Impedance Models in Clinical Populations, Nutrition in Clinical Practice, vol. The device then uses other data such as your height, gender, andweight measurements to determine your body fat percentage. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a valid method for the assessment of body composition. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Little training required for operation. quantities of fat mass and fat-free mass) by running a small electrical current through the body. Hydration and Glycogen Levels With all the being said about Bioeletric Impedance Analysis, there are pros and cons to this method of body fat assessment. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Buckinx F, Reginster JY, Dardenne N, Croisiser JL, Kaux JF, Beaudart C, Slomian J, Bruyre O. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. A Sneak Peek into the Pros and Cons of Hydrostatic Weighing R. Moon, Body composition in athletes and sports nutrition: an examination of the bioimpedance analysis technique, European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. First, the researchers used a lab-based machine called a Bod Pod to take accurate body fat measurements. TicWatch Pro 3 comes in at $300 but is often on sale. A wide range of techniques are used in research to assess bone density and quality, but dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is likely to remain the standard procedure used in clinical practice for the foreseeable future for most patients, predicts the co-author of a recent review of imaging-based techniques for assessing bone in rheumatology. Haverkort EB, Reijven PL, Binnekade JM, de van der Schueren MA, Earthman CP, Gouma DJ, de Haan RJ. For example, many BIA equations are validated against assessment methods such as hydrostatic weighing and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Similar to hand-held methods, leg-to-leg BIA involves an individual standing on scales with four electrodes situated at each footplate, with a low-level current passed through the lower-body. Meanwhile, special sensors detect the volume of air that the persons body displaces based on air pressure changes that occur in the Bod Pod. 38-43, 2004. In this article, we describe the range of, When is the best time for a person to weigh themselves? The pros and cons of these methods are summarized in Table 1. This is supported by the findings of Van Marken Lichtenbelt et al., [10], who reported an 8% individual error rate when comparing BIA with the four-compartment model. Disclaimer. Pros and Cons of Bioelectrical Impedance - Benefits and Drawbacks Deurenberg, J. 2022 Dec 9;101(49):e32229. The clinical benefit of BIA can be further enhanced by combining it with bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA). Read our, Non-Essential Body Fat and How to Reduce It, The 9 Best Bathroom Scales of 2023, Tested and Reviewed, 10 Best Smart Scales, Tested and Recommended by Our Experts, The 8 Best Garmin Running Watches For All Types of Runners, Body Composition: What It Is and Why It Matters, How to Measure Body Fat With Hydrostatic Underwater Weighing. BMC Geriatr. In this article, we provide information on how body fat scales work and whether they give an accurate estimate of a persons body fat percentage (BFP). quantities of fat mass and fat-free mass) by running a small electrical current through the body. Handheld BIA devices use electrical impulses to estimate BFP. The Pros and Cons of DXA-What Are the Alternatives? - Rheumatology Network The primary area for future research in this area is clearly the need for validated BIA equations for athletes in a range of sports and with varying body composition. - Not always accurate (water/mealtimes/workouts can alter it) - Those with a heart condition cannot use it. Hence, body resistance or impedance is used as a measure of body water. We avoid using tertiary references. 639-647, 2004. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) | Science for Sport It is based on the difference in resistance when an electrical current is conducted through fat or lean components of the body. Epub 2014 Oct 1. The validity (the agreement between the true value and a measurement value) of body composition is key to determine the precision of BIA measurement, and its suitability for clinical use. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a rapid and noninvasive method of body composition analysis; however, reproducibility between BIA instruments in pregnancy is uncertain. Even if you get an accurate reading on a bioimpedance scale, the number represents an estimate of your total body fat percentage. It involves running a light electrical current through the body and determining body composition through the resistance of the tissues to the electrical current. Methods of body composition assessment. We rely on the most current and reputable sources, which are cited in the text and listed at the bottom of each article. It is important to note that this analysis utilised DEXA as the reference method, which may also lead to further error, as eluded to earlier in this review (read my article on the use of DEXA scanning for body composition assessment HERE). A. Jebb, T. J. Cole, D. Doman, P. R. Murgatroyd and A. M. Prentice, Evaluation of the novel Tanita body-fat analyser to measure body composition by comparison with a four-compartment model, British Journal of Nutrition, vol. As such, higher resistance values tend to result in calculations of a greater percentage of body fat. Expert Wellness Picks and Advice to Your Inbox, Comparison of Foot-to-Foot and Hand-to-Foot Bioelectrical Impedance Methods in a Population with a Wide Range of Body Mass Indices, Comparisons of accuracy of estimating percent body fat by four bioelectrical impedance devices with different frequency and induction system of electrical current, Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA): A proposal for standardization of the classical method in adults, Impact of eating and drinking on body composition measurements by bioelectrical impedance, Validity of body-composition methods across racial and ethnic populations. 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