In 2017, the ancient city was visited by 3,400,000 tourists almost 1,000,000 more than a mere 5years earlier. WebIn 1996, ancient Pompeii was included on WMFs first World Monuments Watch list, and then again in 1998. A specialist in Roman wall-painting, I was adjunct professor of Classical Archaeology at the University Suor Orsola Benincasa of Naples (2009-2010), Visiting Researcher at the University of Tokyo (from 2004 to 2009), German Archaeological Institute fellow (2011) and Fritz Thyssen Stiftung postdoctoral fellow (Frderung italienischer Nachwuchswissenschaftler an deutschen Institutionen in Italien, 2013). Jennifer L. Wollner [33 0 R 36 0 R 38 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R] He was the winner of the AIA Cotsen Grant for First Time Directors in 2018. He is former Vice President of Bird Conservation for the National Audubon Society and a Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Visiting Fellow. Not all actions taken to preserve structures and artifacts have been effective, however, and some have caused more damage. In 2008, the Italian government declared a yearlong state of emergency for Pompeii. With both a BA and MA in Archaeological Field Methods from the Sapienza University of Rome (Prof. Panella), Giordano has dug for 9 seasons at the NE slopes of the Palatine. Marcello Mogetta (PhD, Michigan) is Assistant Professor in the Department of Ancient Mediterranean Studies at the University of Missouri-Columbia. By 2018, that figure had risen to more than 3.6 million, an increase of more than 70 percent. There has been fierce controversy regarding the collapse. Explore artworks conserved within the Kress Program. In Herculaneum, pigeons are a particular problem; the acidic nature of their feces wears away the roofs and walls of many structures. The goal must be to strike a balance between tourism and preservation, says Mary Beard, a professor of classics at Cambridge University and the author of an award-winning book on Pompeii. Carol C. Mattusch is the Mathy Professor of Art History in the Resources like ours help individuals and institutions preserve and protect their collections. When combined with money from the Italian government, the funds came to 105 million euros (about $116 million). 5 0 obj I then completed the post-graduate program in Archaeology at the University of Basilicata, Matera, with a thesis on one of the cemeteries of Difesa San Biagio. Additionally, objects not considered worthy by pursuers of Antiquarianism were destroyed or damaged in the process of retrieving other items. Kress Conservation Fellowships provide competitive grants to museums and other conservation facilities which sponsor supervised internships in the conservation of specific objects and onsite training. The Kress Program in Painting Conservation was established to provide conservation and research for the approximately one thousand paintings in the dispersed Samuel H. Kress Collection, now part of the holdings of eighteen museums, twenty-three study collections, and assorted gift locations across the United States. phone: (202) 842-6353 They are most renowned for their destruction: both were buried in the AD 79 eruption of Mount Vesuvius. We offer grants in defined program areas and professional development fellowships for historians of art and architecture, art conservators, art museum curators and educators, and art librarians. Mattusch is the principal author and editor of Pompeii and the Roman Villa: Art and Culture around the Bay of Naples (2008). She will be starting her masters in art conservation at Queens University from September 2018. her awards are the Charles Rufus Morey Book Award (2006) from the She has held three fellowships at the National Gallery of Arts Center for Advanced Studies in the Visual Arts (CASVA), including the Paul Mellon Senior Fellowship (2005-2006) and the Samuel H. Kress Foundation Paired Fellowship for Research in Conservation and Archaeology with Henry Lie (1997-1998). The restoration of the monumental mosaic, which was rediscovered at the House of the Faun in Pompeii in 1831, will begin at the end of this month and is expected to be complete by July. [1] For over 1,500 years, these cities were left in remarkable states of preservation underneath volcanic ash, mud and rubble. Graffiti appears inscribed in the walls (often alongside their ancient counterparts) as well as on paintings and frescoes, particularly the less damaged or unsullied works of art. The conservation of Pompeii is a duty that the government of Italy has to every Italian and to the whole world, he said, adding that a few years of lots of money is 3 _.h"h|f_KDL 5~t@ But challenges persist. The mix of the cement was harmful to the original construction in multiple locations. Born in Turin, Lorenzo is an MA student in Archaeology at the Sapienza University of Rome. WebConservation Projects. I earned a BA in Cultural Heritage Sciences and an MA in Classical Archaeology from the University of Bari, specializing in the study of transport amphorae from the ancient town of Egnazia, on the Adriatic coast of Apulia. Sufficient and qualified supervision and mentoring. Additionally, modern technology is used to help in conservation; in 2006, a laser survey was created of the Forum complex, allowing a three-dimensional, digital reconstruction. <>1]/P 6 0 R/Pg 34 0 R/S/Link>> The ancient city was included in the 1996 World Monuments Watch by the World Monuments Fund, and again in 1998 and in 2000. [9][10] The most significant bombing damage occurred between 13 and 20 September 1943, as part of the Allied effort to defend the Salerno beachhead which had been established by the success of Operation Avalanche from an Axis counterattack. However, no new sites are open to be excavated. Applications must be made by the museum or conservation facility at which thefellowship will be based. Hundreds lived on the site, inadvertently damaging footpaths, roads and walls, as well as proving aggressive towards some tourists. I am the founder of Archeologia a Napoli (Archaeology in Naples) born with the aim of financing independent scientific research in the field of archaeology and cultural heritage, and the editor of the series Enolibro, pagine da bere published by Valtrend. Additional services could also be added to the parks less-frequented gates, to minimize crowding at the popular Porta Marina and Piazza Esedra entrances. WebThe outlined project, which com- bines a multidisciplinary approach in research with training and practical conservation, is a step in the right direction and has the potential to set 44 0 obj Applications will be rated according to the potential for the Fellow to develop professional skills, knowledge, and abilities in conservation, based on an ability to provide: If a specific candidate is proposed, review will also be made regarding the potential for the Fellow to make a contribution to the conservation community, and the appropriateness of the proposed Fellowship experience for that individual. Sidewalks have been built along some of the major routes, opening up parts of the ancient city to people in wheelchairs or pushing strollers. [5] In 2009, nearly 2.1 million people visited. She has held three fellowships Since concerted excavations began in the middle of the 18th century, Pompeiis rich homes, tombs and public buildings have been plundered by looters, exploited by profit-hungry private excavators, and (in some early cases) restored so aggressively as to spoil the original treasures. Vandalism, particularly graffiti, is a problematic issue for Pompeii and Herculaneum. 7th St and Constitution Ave NW As her extracurricular, she took two internship positions at the Owens Art Gallery, as a Student Conservation Intern and as a Crake Art Intern. <>3]/P 6 0 R/Pg 34 0 R/S/Link>> Initially, the work focused on an emergency campaign that then transformed into works to ensure the site's long-term maintenance. She received her B.A. The full In Herculaneum, the carbonized remains of objects once exposed deteriorated within days. Mattia DAcri is a graduate of the Scuola di Specializzazione in Archeologia Matera and is currently a PhD student in the Classical Archaeology program at the University of Missouri-Columbia. 31 0 obj In March 2012, the European Commission approved funding, with the goal of securing the ancient city as an enduring attraction in the region. But regulating tourist movement will not be easy, Dr. De Caro added, noting that switching to a more structured system would generate opposition from transport providers and tour companies, not to mention tourists. The site is set to receive a record-breaking number of visitors this year.CreditSusan Wright for The New York Times. See individual fellowships to learn how to apply.*. Preference may go to institutions who commit to contributingadditional funds to the fellowship. 1975. [10] Many of the buildings that were damaged or destroyed as a result of bombings were reconstructed in the postwar period, yet the legacy of these military operations has continued to pose threats to the site's preservation. WebConservation of the sculptures is funded by a grant from the Bank of America Art Conservation Project. 4th St and Constitution Ave NW On the night of 24 August 1943, British RAF bombers intending to attack the rail yard and steelworks in neighboring Torre Annunziata dropped several bombs on the site's southwest corner, resulting in the destruction of the site's antiquarium. In-Gallery Work Schedule Watch conservation work in action Information can be found at pompeiisites.org/en/visiting-info. endobj [2] Many agents of deterioration play a role in these conservation issues. He has led numerous archaeological excavations in Rome (Meta Sudans and NE slopes of the Palatine), at Monteleone Sabino (Trebula Mutuesca), and in Syria (Tell Barri/Kahat). I think its wonderful, she said, but it does need some more repair.. Both natural forces and human activity (whether accidental or deliberate) have played their part in the slow disintegration of the sites. Unfortunately, funding is in such a state that not everything can be saved. executive dommittee. The warm sea breeze would have blended the dry scent of cypress and bay leaves with the stench of rubbish and excrement from the street, and the gurgle of water in the baths would have been occasionally drowned out by cries from the crowd in the 20,000-seat amphitheater nearby. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. Initial training provides basic qualifications that must be supplemented with practice in a specialized area. And sign up for our Travel Dispatch newsletter: Each week youll receive tips on traveling smarter, stories on hot destinations and access to photos from all over the world. WebCurrently, the major concern at Pompeii is conservationofficials must deal with the intersection of increased tourism, the deterioration of buildings to a sometimes dangerous state, and shrinking funding for archaeological and art historical monuments. endobj A severe earthquake in 1980 further weakened the ancient citys structures. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. Landover, MD 20785 Grants are also awarded for activities that permit conservators and conservation scientists to share their expertise with both professional colleagues and a broad audience through international exchanges, professional meetings, conferences, symposia, consultations, the presentation of research, exhibitions that include a prominent focus on materials and techniques, and other professional events. Only when a protective agent (lampblack) was applied were they able to survive in the open. With generous support from the Kress Foundation, hundreds of paintings from the dispersed Kress Collection have been examined and conserved at the Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University. Candidate in Classical Archaeology at the University of Missouri-Columbia. The conservation of Pompeii is a duty that the government of Italy has to every Italian and to the whole world, he said, adding that a few years of lots of money is not enough to save Pompeii. The focus, he stressed, must be on continual, painstaking maintenance. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. In particular, the work is intended to consolidate Pompeiis structures and urban lay-out, starting with the areas ranked as high risk on an archaeological risk map. A major research programme has been developed by co-operating with the field projects in the Vesuvian area of the British School at Rome, das Deutsche Archologische Institut Berlin, the Herculaneum Conservation Project, the Svenska institutet i Rom, the University of Reading and the Not only because the early excavations, carried out over two hundred years ago and again in the 19th century, often turned out to be more of a massacre what fun to carry off statues and fling around inscribed bronze plaques! FAIC is pleased to administer the Kress Conservation Fellowship program on behalf of the Samuel H. Kress Foundation. Having collaborated in the organization of archaeological exhibitions, I am also interested in the management of archaeological finds. This website was created to house and freely share the reports, images, technical studies, and scholarship gathered over more than 30 years of research and conservation treatment. He has dedicated himself to the study of ceramics and the drawing of archaeological materials. Mattusch Both cities have rich histories influenced by Greeks, Oscans, Etruscans, Samnites and finally the Romans. Initial training, typically at one of a handful of institutions in North America, provides basic qualifications that must be supplemented with an extended period of specialized concentration on paintings, objects, textiles, antiquities, ethnic materials, photographs, prints and drawings, books and manuscripts, furniture, etc. Opportunities for professional presentations and public outreach activities. The full $37,000 must be allocated as a fellowship stipend. The eruption obliterated the towns but in doing so, was the cause of their longevity and survival over the centuries. He has done fieldwork at Rome (S. Omobono; Regia), Gabii, and Francavilla Marittima and published on various aspects of the pottery assemblages recovered from these sites. I have been a staff member of the Progetto Egnazia (University of Bari) for 10 years, and participated in excavations and surveys in Basilicata, serving in various capacities as finds supervisor, finds school supervisor, field assistant and assistant trench supervisor. These would then be displayed for dramatic effect. VIEW SPONSORED RESEARCH Additional Resources. He obtained a BA from the same institution, with a thesis on the building phases of the Curiae Veteres sanctuary that sparked his interest in Roman architecture. He has done fieldwork in Pompeii, Himera, Torre di Satriano and Palmi. WebHe has designed, directed and coordinated numerous projects in the field of archaeological excavations and conservation, collaborating with important italian cultural institutions For a list of my publications see: orcid.org/0000-0003-0290-2799. This meant rebuilding walls and roofs that the eruption had knocked down to reproduce the towns' facade. The resulting report warned that a considerable number of other buildings were also at risk. endobj 1730-35 (X-Radiograph), The Grand Canal from the Campo San Vio, ca. Working closely with the directory and the conservator of the gallery, as well as all of the other experience at Mount Allison, inspired and confirmed her passion for art conservation. Il team composto da funzionari pubblici dellEnte di tutela e da specialisti dei Beni Culturali che lavorano insieme durante l'intero arco dellanno. Open access examination reports, technical images (e.g. The Great Pompeii Project was an infusion of about 105 million euros ($165 million) in European Union funds that helped spare the ruins from further degradation. If visitors are free to circulate as they want, you need hundreds and hundreds of guards, Dr. De Caro said, adding that even if Pompeii earns a good income from ticket sales, the revenue would not be enough to cover the high cost of such a service. infrared reflectograms, x-radiographs), and pigment analyses are just a few of the resources that have been made available on the site in support of the mission of the Kress Foundation to advance the study, conservation, and general knowledge of European art. Now we are out of the emergency, Francesco Muscolino, an archaeologist with the Archaeological Park of Pompeii, said in his office on the edge of the ancient city. The materials used in this reconstruction were mainly concrete and steel. WebThe main objectives of the conservation programme are: to slow down the rate of decay across the entire site so that it can be maintained in future on a sustainable basis; to test and implement long-term conservation strategies that are appropriate for Herculaneum and potentially applicable to other, similar sites; After receiving a BA from the University of Naples Federico II, and a specialization degree from the Graduate School of Archaeology of Matera, I took a PhD in Classical Archaeology at the University of Alberta. endobj endobj His main areas interest are the protohistoric and Archaic ages (Incoronata of Metaponto and Torre di Satriano at Potenza) and the Hellenistic-Roman period (Chora of Metaponto and Pompeii). The purpose of the Kress Conservation Fellowship program is to provide a wide range of post-graduate fellowship opportunities that will help develop the skills of emerging conservators. Aspect of archaeology in Pompeii and Herculaneum, Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum, Gallery of Luigi Bazzani's Watercolors of Pompeii when first excavated, Soprintendenza Speciale per i Beni Archeologici di Napoli e Pompeii, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum", "The Rediscovery of Herculaneum and Pompeii", "Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata", "Bombing Pompeii!!! For his MA thesis, he is conducting research on altars from several Hellenistic sanctuaries in Lazio, Abruzzo, Molise, and Campania.