The Champion of the Seas for example once managed an astounding 465-nautical-mile (861 km) run in a single day (which held up until 1984). Carrying wool to UK, she made the trip in 63 days and less hours, the world record. McKays Great Republic, registered at about 4,555 tons, was the largest clipper ever built. Record [ edit] A knight in armor wascarried as a figure-head. all greetings cards are despatched within 1-3 days. She has a full topgallant focsle, which extends to the foremast and is fitted for the accommodation of her crew; and abaft the foremast a large house, which contains spacious galleys, several staterooms, storerooms, an ice room and shelters a staircase which leads to the decks below. When she loaded troops for India in 1857 and was inspected by Queen Victoria at Portsmouth, the Queen remarked that she did not know she possessed such a splendid ship in her Mercantile Marine. The ladies' cabin was in the stern section (aft) as well as the captain's rooms, the gentlemen's rooms were amidships to the ship's sides. She has also a small house aft, which shelters the helmsman in a recess, protects the entrance to the captains cabin, is also a smoking room for passengers and answers a variety of other purposes. The ship's main frame was of white oak, the ceiling, planking, deck-frames and keelsons, of hard pine. The apple of his great mast was 70 meters high, and the shape of his hull was the thinnest ever seen. Older pictures show the ship with only four square sails on the fore and mizzen masts, and five on the main mast. James Baines & Co. operated some of the finest and most famous American clipper ships at the time, such as Champion of the Seas, Flying Cloud, James Baines, Lightning, Indian Queen, Marco Polo, Sovereign of the Seas and many others. The institution has legal rights sufficient to authorize others to use the work without restrictions. However i cant access your page, my ip is banned apparently. In clipper ship The Lightning set the all-time record for a single day's sail, covering 436 nautical miles in 24 h. The Lightning and the James Baines (both launched in 1854 or 1855), as well as the Flying Cloud, were built by Donald McKay, a Canadian-born shipbuilder, at his Read More In ship: Shipping in the 19th century en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_clipper_ships The record stands until 1989. This was the autobahn of the seas. From 1869 and the opening of the Suez canal, clippers demand fell whereas the first composite vessels appeared, soon to be replaced by 1880s iron-hulled ships. Thank you so much for your time. All the following profiles are also from the author. This first Aberdeen clipper was the Scottish Maid (1839). Her sails was innovative with the addition of an extra square stages, up to five levels. Mr James Baines shipped the figurehead to the McKay shipyard, securely packed in a sturdy case. The out line of the poop and the house is protected by rails, on turned stanchions, and the enclosure forms a spacious and beautiful promenade deck. Have you run across any details of the ship that sets it apart from others? On all hands she has been praised as the most perfect sailing ship that ever entered the river Mersey." Such sailing vessels were easy pickings, easy to spot and slow enough to be catch by a submarine and destroyed by gunfire. But in the 1860s extreme clippers left their place to medium clippers. In the USA the first of these was the Akbar (1839), 650 tons OM, followed by the Houqua (1844), 581 tons OM, for tea. She was lost on June 19, 1874, loaded with cast iron, running aground, breaking in two off Saint-Jean (New Brunswick). She was Built at the McKay yard, East Boston, for Enoch Train (Train & Co) for $50,000, and repurchased, still on the slipway for $90,000 by Henry Walton Grinnell (Grinnell, Minturn & Co). 10 for a single canvas (5 for our rolled canvases). These fast coasters mainly built at Baltimore from the 1770s were designed for trade around the thirteen colonies and the Caribbean Islands. [7] In 1864 there was an unsuccessful attempt to merge with White Star and Gibbs, Bright and Co. of Liverpool.[8]. James Baines caught fire on Thursday morning, 22 April 1858 while discharging her cargo in the Huskisson Dock at Liverpool following her only voyage from India. Any help please ,thanks, Hello Philip, must be Taeping It was indeed quite a famous Clipper, of 1863 built by Robert Steele & Company of Greenock and owned by Captain Alexander Rodger of Cellardyke, Fife. [10], Although it is hard to estimate the exact size of the Line's fleet as they used charter ships extensively, at its peak in 1860, the Line had a fleet of 86 ships carrying cargo and passengers out to Australia. Authors illustration of the Pride of Baltimore, a replica of an east coast privateer, blockade runner clipper. I hope indeed this page will draw more researchers. Description: Photograph of a painting depicting the 'James Baines' at sea under full sail. According to Lubbock, the Queen made remarks to the effect that "she did not know she possessed such a splendid ship in her Mercantile Marine." How lucky you are to have this! Donald Mackay never built two ships exactly alike, and the James Baines was of slightly fuller design that the Lightning and yet sharper and longer in the bow than the Champion of the Seas. This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. William-j. On Mr James Baines order the ship was equipped and fitted with the best and most modern ship improvements (pumps, windlasses & winches, Crane's self-acting chain-stoppers (invented in 1852)). She is very heavily sparred and will spread about 13,000 yards of canvas in a single suit of sails. Like frigates they were called composites. Americans but even Europeans flocked to California to try their luck. At Liverpool the James Baines was fitted and furnished for passengers by Messrs. James H. Beal and brother. Only by seizing the colonial Empire of Indochina in the 1880s the French could deploy their own long range trading networks, taking advantage of classic Clippers. While entering the Golden Gate in 1857,she struck Four Fathom Bar off Point Bonita, but managedto reach her wharf with twelve feet of water in her hold. She is so strongly built, so finely finished and is so beautiful a model that even envy cannot prompt a fault against her. She sailed from Boston the 12th September, 1854. The painting is by Captain Thomas Robertson (1819?-1875? View original page. and the following year, in 1866, he participated in the great tea race with other famous shearers, Tapping, Fiery Cross and Taitsing. She sailed from Liverpool to Melbourne, Australia, onher first voyage in 69 days, 11 hours. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The ship had also state-rooms and dining-rooms of the finest design. Best, In all, until 1855, some 144 clippers were built on the West coast. In 1866 the Taeping won by only 12 minutes over the Ariel, and only because the captain chose the more risky trip south. She then broke the record to Liverpool, England, making the passage in 13 days 13.5 hours. He wrote not lines but pages of commentary every day at sea. Nothing was as fast, even oversailed cutters. Are there other Eagle Wing researchers out there? Huge, moving 2006 empty barrels, 70 meters long, its very solid hull had iron struts and was 51 cm wide at the waterline, the challenge was also the first to have three decks. They played their part in the independence, scouting for the insurgents, and were very fast thanks to their V-shaped cross-section below the waterline, strongly raked stem and masts. [11][12][13] Overall, more than 400 ships carried British immigrants to Australia during the 1850s and 1860s with the help of James Baines & Co.[3], In 1864, with 13 ships James Baines & Co. was the biggest single buyer of U.S. [3], The conditions on the Line's ships often were quite appalling. The Chariot of Fame was a three-masted, square-rigged medium clipper type ship, built at East Boston in Massachusetts, by famous shipbuilder Donald McKay, for Enoch Train & Co., Bostons White Diamond packet line (Boston-Liverpool). An example: She is frequently assimilated as the first clipper but appeared at a time ships were still bulky and was its own breed, but her influence cant be denied. In 1851 James Baines & Co. of Liverpool entered the packet trade using the same name and flag as the New York company, despite its protests. She has iron caps and is rigged in nearly the same style as the Champion of the Seas. Extreme Clippers would flourish between 1845 and 1855, before changes of regulations and more reliable steamers among others made them less profitable. The clipper was one of the few known larger sailing ships rigged with a moonsail. All products are printed in the UK, using the latest digital presses and a gicle printmaking process. Our most eminent mechanics consider her stern perfect. James Baines & Co. of Liverpool was the British shipping company, most famous for the Liverpool Black Ball Line of Australian Packets, a fleet of packet ships running cargo and passenger services between Liverpool, England, and Australia in the second half of the 1800s. Californian-built made Liverpool-Melbourne on a regular basis and her first crossing in 63 days. The Rainbow was in its time the fastest sailboat. The ship's hull was diagonally braced with iron, and square-fastened, and all the keelsons and waterways are scarphed and keyed. All passenger and crew rooms were well ventilated and provided with sufficient light. In 1861 the proud ship was worn out. Regarding her lines, stem, and bow, she was not as sharp and hollow-lined as her sister ship Lightning or as "full" as her other sister ship Champion of the Seas. Three decks, a poop deck, two deck houses and a topgallant forecastle provided the accommodations for three classes of passengers and the 100 men crew whose bunks were built in the forecastle and in a deck house abaft the foremast. During her short career her first voyage to Australia took her 65 days from Liverpool to Melbourne (her 'second' maiden voyage from her homeport) in 1854 and 69 days for the return passage including the famous 420 nautical miles (780km) day's run. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Their unmatched speed prevented them to be caught up and captured by pirates. Ironclads (1872), Berk i Savket class Torpedo gunboats (1906), Courageous class aircraft carriers (1928), WW2 British Amphibious Ships and Landing Crafts, Infanta Maria Teresa class cruisers (1890), 600/630 Tonnes Type Submersibles (1925-38), Hughes H-4 Hercules (completed & first flight, prototype), Saunders-Roe SR.A/1 1947 (jet fighter seaplane prototype), Supermarine Seagull ASR-1 1948 (prototype successor to the Walrus), Norsk Flyindustri Finnmark 5A (interesting Norwegian prototype), SNCASE SE-1210 French prototype flying boat 1949, Convair R3Y Tradewind USN patrol flying boat 1950, de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter 1951 (RCAN), Saunders-Roe Princess 1952 (RN requisition possible), Beriev R-1 turbojet prototype seaplane 1952, Convair F2Y Sea Dart Prototype delta jet fighter seaplane 1953, Martin P6M SeaMaster strategic bomber flying boat 1955, Canadair CL-215 1967 water bomber, some operated by the RCAN, GAF Nomad patrol australian land/floatplane 1971, Harbin SH-5 Main PLAN patrol flying boat 1976, Cessna 208 Caravan transport flotplane (some navies) 1982, Beriev Be-40/A-40 Albatross prototypes 1986. Her remains, including the most of the undischarged cargo, were abandoned as a total loss amounting to 170,000 to her owner James Baines because the ship's insurance policy had expired three days before. This page is not available in other languages. Please log in or create an account to save it permanently. 1 for a single card, up to 4 for a pack of 16. Your email address will not be published. I am very interested in the diary of your forefather. And when this ended, it went on with human cargo, immigrants to the US and South America or Australia. These first European clippers were indeed those trading between the British Isles. (More to Come), en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper_route "[2] The clipper was in Portsmouth to load troops bound for India, having been chartered by the British Government to transport 1,000 men of the 97th Regiment. In October 1865, she was launched for her first major crossing to China (Gravesend-Hong Kong) and returned, under the command of Captain Keay, in 79 days and 21 hours pilot to pilot, or 83 anchorage, which was already a nice feat. Nowadays France has a single of these medium iron clipper preserved for us to see, the 1890s nitrate carrier called the Belem, a familiar sight in tall ships events around the globe. Her bulwarks are built solid and are surmounted by a monkey rail, which is paneled inside, and their whole height above the deck is about 6 feet, varying of course towards the ends. The ascent from the quarter-deck to the poop consists of two staircases, built into the front of the poop. Her masts called fore, main, and mizzen masts carried all in all a maximum of 43 sails as a full-rigged ship with studding sails. Will you be publishing? Inscribed 'The Clipper Ship James Baines. Companies (called in French armements) such as Bordes, in Nantes, which launched in 30 years some 230 iron tall ships, specialized in carrying coal and cereals from the United States and nitrates from Chile. Soon, the rule of windjammers, three four and even five barque and schooners replaced he wooden wonders of the 1860s. Capt. Clipper could either be likened to to clip, cut, cross quickly, or get close to an marine slang term for the pinnacle of its field, a thoroughbred of the seas as it was also associated with race horses. (1,280 955 pixels, file size: 895 KB, MIME type: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/, (C) National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London, UK, http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/148494. James Baines was a very heavily sparred ship being 2,275 GRT (Gross Registered Tons), she was wide, carrying 1,400 tons of cargo in her holds, and accommodating 800 passengers and crew in her 5 decks (3 continuous decks, forecastle and poop decks). On July 31, she reached 18 knots and Eleanor Creesy calculated and average of 15 knots on 374 miles/24 hours. This of course was also linked to the skills of seasoned, brave and aggressive captains, showing outstanding feats of seamanship, flair and probably also luck. The clipper was one of the few known larger sailing ships rigged with a moonsail. The Clipper Ship James Baines. Her unrivalled passage, of course, brought her prominently before the public and she has already been visited by many of the most eminent mechanics of the country. They could have been originated not from the east coast but from the Bermuda sloop, made for open ocean. The 1860s vessels, first generations, were of course all wooden but iron construction slowly but surely was making its way, heavier, but making the ships much stronger. All our frames and canvas stretcher bars are created from a solid piece of pine sourced from sustainable European forests. Chas. http://wenonahhistoricalsociety.org/Eagle-Wing-clipper-ship-model-by-Andrew-W-Carey. On all hands she has been praised as the most perfect sailing ship that ever entered the river Mersey." Donald Mackay never built two ships exactly alike, and the James Baines was of slightly fuller design that the Lightning and yet sharper and longer in the bow than the Champion of the Seas. No ship that fast and with that tonnage was ever built afterwards. James Baines was not only a beautiful but also a very fast ship holding still sailing ship records as that of her first voyage from Boston to Liverpool. A very interesting site indeed. The most famous Australian clipper of that era was the James Baines (1850). Her stern is rounded, and although she has a full poop deck, her after body surpasses in neatness that of any vessel her talented builder has yet produced. Inscribed 'The Clipper Ship James Baines one of the Black Ball Line of Australian Packets belonging to Messrs James Baines & Co, Liverpool'.Samuel Walters (artist)Original size: 536 mm x 704 mm. This is a faithful photographic reproduction of a two-dimensional, The official position taken by the Wikimedia Foundation is that ", The Clipper Ship James Baines - one of the Black Ball Line of Australian Packets belonging to Messrs James Baines and Co, Liverpool RMG PY8547.jpg. The Thermopylae is certainly less known than the Cutty Sark, but she was nevertheless one of the key legends of the Clippers time; Its actually her who holds the record for the fastest tea clipper in the world, winning the Golden Rooster, breaking all established records, and motivating the owner of the rival company arming the Cutty Sark to build another clipper. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. Companies still kept some more for the prestige and as a flagship than to make profit as per se. In clipper ship The Flying Cloud, launched in 1851, made the voyage from New York City to San Francisco in a record 89 days, and the James Baines set the transatlantic sailing record of 12 days 6 h from Boston to Liverpool, Eng. One of the most famous clippers she was known first for her exceptional speed between New York and San Francisco, nailing one record at 89 days and 21 hours in 1851, and 1854 in 89 days 13 hours. She has copper-chambered pumps, six capstans, a crab-winch on the focsle, a patent windlass, Cranes self-acting chain stoppers, a patent steering apparatus and a large variety of other improvements of the most modern kind.. Chronicle (Adelaide, SA: 1895 - 1954) 14 Apr 1932, Page 54: Sailing Ship Romance, "Documents from John Bonus & Sons re the Black Ball Line (James Baines & Thomas MacKay)", "Baines & MacKay / Black Ball Line, Liverpool", "Queensland Immigration and the Black Ball Line", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Baines_%26_Co.&oldid=1121668362, Defunct shipping companies of the United Kingdom, 1871 disestablishments in the United Kingdom, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, up to 300 officers and 3000 seamen in 1860, Liverpool Black Ball Line of Australian Packets, This page was last edited on 13 November 2022, at 14:08. Her unrivalled passage, of course, brought her prominently before the public and she has already been visited by many of the most eminent mechanics of the country. Location of original painting unknown. Gripping reading indeed. Regarding her lines, stem, and bow, she was not as sharp and hollow-lined as her sister ship Lightning or as "full" as her other sister ship Champion of the Seas. The Chariot of Fame was reported abandoned at sea in January 1876 while between the Chincha Islands and Cork. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London. Captains usually cheated by not allowing to reduced sail, even in heavy weather. Follow us in that adventure ! It was a compromise, combining large stowage capacity with yet still good sailing qualities. These two ships made headlines because their ferocious regattas were popular.