First Nations-Food Beaver (Sometimes Eaten As Food) 23. The Canadian Shield is a physiographic division comprising four smaller physiographic provinces: the Laurentian Upland, Kazan Region, Davis and James. Large . Sun & Moon Weather Today Weather Hourly 14 Day Forecast Yesterday/Past Weather Climate (Averages) Currently: 45 F. 1 What Type Of Biome Is Florida? The rest of the region has coarse soil that does not retain moisture well and is frozen with permafrost throughout the year. Even in the driest month there is a lot of rain. As mountains erode, their roots rise and are eroded in turn. It covers much of Greenland, all of Labrador and the Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland, most of Quebec north of the St. Lawrence River, much of Ontario including northern sections of the Ontario Peninsula, the Adirondack Mountains[6] of New York, the northernmost part of Lower Michigan and all of Upper Michigan, northern Wisconsin, northeastern Minnesota, the central and northern portions of Manitoba away from Hudson Bay, northern Saskatchewan, a small portion of northeastern Alberta,[7] mainland Northwest Territories to the east of a line extended north from the Saskatchewan-Alberta border, most of Nunavut's mainland and, of its Arctic Archipelago, Baffin Island and significant bands through Somerset, Southampton, Devon and Ellesmere islands. Sudbury is an exception to the normal process of forming minerals in the Shield since the Sudbury Basin is an ancient meteorite impact crater. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The traditional calendar seasons, as defined by the . Tsuyoshi Iizuka, at al., "Geology and Zircon Geochronology of the Acasta Gneiss Complex", the largest-known meteorite impact craters on Earth, "Metallogeny and Tectonic Evolution of the Trans-Hudson Orogen", Alberta Heritage - Alberta Online Encyclopedia, 3-D Magnetic Imaging using Conjugate Gradients: Temagami anomaly, Report on the 2007 Diamond Drilling Program, McClarty Lake Project, Manitoba: The Pas Mining District NTS 63-K-08; UTM ZONE 14 N 415938 E, 6038968 N; 542928N 1001752W, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canadian_Shield&oldid=1144657401, This page was last edited on 14 March 2023, at 21:53. Canadas largest iron ore deposit, however, is known as the Labrador Trough or New Qubec Orogen, and runs in a strip through northeastern Qubec and western Labrador. The Canadian Shield is a large area of exposed precambrian igneous and high-grade metamorphic rock. However, given its physical features of uplands, plateaus, hills, mounds, and thousands of lakes and wetlands, the climate of the Shield has year round precipitation, and four distinct seasons including hot summers and winters that dip well below freezing. In places the old mountain ranges may be recognized by hills several hundreds of metres in height. The mountain region itself experiences year round snow in high elevations, significant rain on the western windward side and minimal precipitation on the leeward side resulting in a south-western desert landscape. Climate: Toronto. Climate Graph, Temperature Graph, Climate Table. (One of the five factors that influence climate.) Antarctic tundra occurs on Antarctica and on several Antarctic and subantarctic islands, including South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands and the Kerguelen Islands. When the Greenland section is included, the Canadian Shield is approximately circular, bounded on the northeast by the northeast edge of Greenland, with Hudson Bay in the middle. In the southern parts, the climate is seasonal; the average temperature in the winter is -. (Weather station: Resolute, Canada). The Boreal Shield ecozone is a main contributor to the Canadian economy not only with its economic activities but also with its pure fresh air, water, food, recreation, and wildlife. In other words, the "Shield" from Canadian Shield and "Boreal" from Boreal and Taiga forest were combined together to make the name Boreal Shield. The nearby but less-known Temagami Magnetic Anomaly has striking similarities to the Sudbury Basin. climate change, global climate change, global warming, natural hazards, Earth, environment, remote sensing, atmosphere, land processes, oceans, volcanoes, land cover . This arrangement was caused by severe glaciation during the ice age, which covered the Shield and scraped the rock clean. Today, Saskatchewan is the sole producer of Canadian uranium, primarily from the Cigar Lake area. It covers much of Greenland, and nearly half of Canada's total area, including Labrador, most of Quebec north of the St. Lawrence River, and much of Ontario, including northern sections of the southern peninsula between the Great Lakes. The exposed metamorphic rock of the Canadian Shield mostly traces to the Precambrian era, between 4.5 billion and 542 million years ago, including extensive exposed rock from the Archean eon. The North American craton is the bedrock forming the heart of the North American continent and the Canadian Shield is the largest exposed part of the craton's bedrock. This vast region, with its store of forests, waterpower, and mineral resources, is being increasingly developed. The first modern hard-rock mine in the Canadian Shield, near Madoc, Ontario, opened in 1866 after gold was found there. The metamorphic base rocks are mostly from the Precambrian (between 4.5 billion and 540 million years ago) and have been repeatedly uplifted and eroded. In the southern part, there are very cold snowy winters, while the summers are warm and long. [9] The Shield was originally an area of very large, very tall mountains (about 12,000m or 39,000ft)[10] with much volcanic activity, but the area was eroded to nearly its current topographic appearance of relatively low relief over 500 million years ago. During the summer, however, the parts of Canada farthest from open water are the warmest. [3] As a deep, common, joined bedrock region in eastern and central Canada, the Shield stretches north from the Great Lakes to the Arctic Ocean, covering over half of Canada and most of Greenland; it also extends south into the northern reaches of the United States. The human population tends to be scarce in the taiga, but many mammals are present in the area, such as caribou, wolverines, weasels, minks, otters, grizzlies, and black bears. [15], The Sturgeon Lake Caldera in Kenora District, Ontario, is one of the world's best preserved mineralized Neoarchean caldera complexes, which is 2.7 billion years old. The Churchill and Grenville provinces contain deposits of uranium, lead and zinc. Deforestation only occurs when forests are permanently removed so the land can be used for something else. The Shield is covered in parts by vast boreal forests in the south that support natural ecosystems as well as a major logging industry. It is the Earth's greatest area of exposed Archean rock. Many mammals such as caribou, white-tailed deer, moose, wolves, wolverines, weasels, mink, otters, grizzly bear, polar bears and black bears are present. 4 degrees F (-18 degrees C), and in the summer it is 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). Thanks for contributing to The Canadian Encyclopedia. The crust, also known as the North American Craton, extends from northern Mexico to Greenland and consists of hard rocks at least 1 billion years old. Get summary information about how climate change is affecting areas you care about so you can see how climate change is impacting local areas of interest. The UN has warned that the world needs to . The Canadian Shields most notable physical features are thousands of small lakes, thin layers of soil and rolling hills. [8] The multitude of rivers and lakes in the region is classical example of a deranged drainage system, caused by the watersheds of the area being disturbed by glaciation and the effect of post-glacial rebound. Deciduous trees include red and mountain maple; white and paper birch; trembling aspen; black ash; and balsam poplar. Common coniferous trees include white and black spruce; jack, red, white and eastern white pine; balsam fir; tamarack; eastern hemlock; and eastern red cedar. Snowfall is abundant in the north, which receives the least sunshine of fewer than 1500 hours annually. Smaller predators include the coyote, red and arctic fox, muskrat, wolverine, weasel, mink, marten, otter, and least weasel. Due to technological advancements, humans have been able to modify their environment and adapt to many different places. The primary reason for lack of. While the area still suffers strong winds, the incidence of cyclones is greatly reduced. Light rain. Answers for geologist, scientists, spacecraft operators. Learn about the latest set of emissions scenarios, based on Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). Canada's growth rate has been anywhere between 0.8% and 1.2% for the past ten years. Climate refers to the average weather in an area. . Learn about Canadas weather station monitoring network and how long-term observations from these stations help build Canadas climate record. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The mean annual temperature ranges from -4C to 0.5C; the mean summer temperature ranges from 11.5C to 14C; and the mean winter temperature ranges from -20.5C to -14.5C. The Canadian Shield (French: Bouclier canadien [buklje kanadj]), also called the Laurentian Plateau, is a geologic shield, a large area of exposed Precambrian igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks. Signing up enhances your TCE experience with the ability to save items to your personal reading list, and access the interactive map. ), The Canadian Shield refers to the exposed portion of the continental crust underlying the majority of North America. Image by Jon Sullivan. The Canadian Shield is so large that the climate varies across it. Canadian Shield is a large area of Precambrian rock that forms the core of Canada. Of all the biomes with forests, the boreal forest is projected to experience the largest temperature shift. First Nations-Clothing An Animal Hide 22. Currently the Ekati and Diavik mines are actively mining kimberlite diamonds. Lakes are largely the result of glacial erosion during the last ice age. How tall are the mountains in the Canadian Shield? The biggest part of Canada has a continental climate, although average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary according to the location. Each block is bounded by a belt of younger rock created when the blocks collided. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. This is because the Canadian Shield has unusually large areas of relatively exposed rock from the Archean eon, roughly 2.5 to 4 billion years ago. The climate in the boreal forest is characterized by long, very cold, dry winters and short, cool, moist summers. Taiga Cold in the winter and warm in the summer, the taiga is the worlds largest land biome. The Canadian coastline is more than 150,000 miles long. ClimateData.ca is supported by the Canadian Centre for Climate Services (CCCS) of Environment and Climate Change Canada as part of its efforts to provide Canadians with easy access to climate related data and to help increase their resilience to climate change. Thousands of fresh water bodies feed into the Bay, resulting in a lower salinity than the surrounding ocean. Mining began in the region in the mid-19th century and was key to Canadas economic development. Ont., which is 7 miles from Ottawa. Winters in the Canadian Shield are fantastic for skiing and building snowmen. The Canadian Shield, a northern region constituting almost half of Canada, has a cold, dry climate characterized by Arctic winds, heavy snowfall during the winter, cool, short summers in the north and warm summers in the south. The Canadian Shield stretches from Labrador to the Arctic. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Climate in the tundra regions is too cold for trees to grow, summers are cool and short, and the region is dry. Past weather data includes: temperature, snow, snow on ground, precipitation, rain, wind speed and direction, heating and cooling degree days, visibility, humidex, wind chill and relative humidity in Canada. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Applachian impact of climate change, Appalachian province, Cordillera province and more. The true extent of the Shield is greater still and stretches from the Western Cordillera in the west to the Appalachians in the east and as far south as Texas, but these regions are overlaid with much younger rocks and sediment.