2, 3, Michigan: M.C.L.A. 34-1802). In the indirect process, the proposal is submitted to the legislature. What is necessary before a Referendum is put to the people? Const. The first statewide election held more than 180 days after adjournment of the session during which the act was passed, Regular election (state, congressional or municipal) or a special election called by proper official or when 15% of voters petition for one. 2, 1), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (RCWA 29A.72.050), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No additional statute. Each signature page must contain the subject expressed in the title of the Act to be referred (ORS 250.045). 3, 3; NDCC, 16.1-01-09), Ohio (Const, Art. Cannot start collecting more than two years before the election (ILCS Const. 19, 2; N.R.S. Art. Art. Art. Who can sign the petition: Qualified voters (Const. Groups must file reports detailing contributions received in excess of $100 in the aggregate and all contributions and expenditures made by the group (AS 15.13.040(b)). 32. Art. Stat. Art. In political terminology, the initiative is a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. Art. Number of signatures required: 5% of the votes cast for governor at the preceding election (Const. 23-17-57; Term Limits Leadership Council v. Clark, 1997). Who creates petitions: Sponsors (RCW 29A.72.100). Art. Code Ann. Montana, Nebraska and New Mexico have two signature thresholds: The first is sufficient to trigger a referendum vote, and the second, higher amount triggers a referendum vote and also suspends operation of the law in question until the election. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: A committee must be formed upon the occurrence of any of the following in a calendar year: receiving contributions in excess of $2,000, making independent expenditures totaling $1,000 or more or making contributions totaling $10,000 or more (Govt. Repeal or change restrictions: None (Const. Massachusetts, Ohio and Utah use this sort of process. III, 3, Neb. Const. III, 2. Additional stipulations: In Idaho and Nebraska, the law states that the entire measure might not be superseded and that only conflicting parts of the measure may supersede one another. 5, 7). Types allowed: Indirect initiative for constitutional amendments, NOTE:In 2021, the Mississippi Supreme Court. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (ORC 3599.13 and .14). Amend. II, 1b). Where to file: Secretary of state (OR CONST Art. Art. 3, 18 and 21-A M.R.S.A. Application process information: Text and proposed ballot statements are submitted to secretary of state. What does provisional mean in voting? 48, Init., Pt. 1-40-106 and 1-40-107). III, 6). 3519.05; 3501.38). 2, 3). Majority to pass: Yes, except two-thirds majority is need in the case of laws changing rules regarding the taking of (U.C.A. S51(xxvi) was changed by the removal of the phrase "other than the Aboriginal race in any state." Application process information: Must file a copy of the measure with the secretary of state and the sponsor; as an individual or acting on behalf of an organization, must file an affidavit. May amend the initiative with three-fourths vote, but may only amend to further the purpose of the measure. Art. Fiscal review: Yes (W.S.1977 22-24-309). Art. Art. Considered a committee if individual raises or spends more than $5,000. 14, 3). What is on each petition: The format follows statute guidelines, must be notarized, must have specific language including legal warning, ballot title and abstract from fiscal impact statement (CRS 1-40-110, 1-40-105.5). Cannot stop emergency laws passed by the legislature or appropriations to support state departments or institutions. St. 32-1410), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Four months prior to the general election (Neb. IV, pt. ", Miss. For statutory initiatives, 7% of votes cast for governor in last election. 34-1805), Geographic distribution: Six % of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election in each of at least 18 legislative districts, out of 35 total districts (I.C. a. butterfly ballot. Rev. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (Elec. 295.056). 1-40-105). Art. Application process information: A petition requesting a referendum and suspension of the law must be signed by ten qualified voters and filed not more than 30 days after the law that is the subject of the petition has become law (Const. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Art. Repeal or change restrictions: No statute. Office of the Legislative Fiscal Analyst conducts an estimate and description of funding sources. 19-102), Fiscal review: Prepared by joint legislative budget committee staff (A.R.S. d. It is the process by which a party selects its candidates for the general election c 8. d. a governor. Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: 120 days after the adjournment of the legislative session (W.S.1977 22-24-319). XI, 5). Which election is a measure on: Next general election held at least 131 days after signatures are certified. 34-1803B). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but are not limited to quarterly reporting and following rules set by board of elections (10 ILCS 5/9-15). 353, 354). Const. 19, 2), Types allowed: Direct initiative for statutes and constitutional amendments, and popular referendum. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Miss. Const. 904-B), Number of signatures required: Ten % of the total votes cast for governor in the last gubernatorial election (M.R.S.A. b. spot ad Stat. V, 3 and OK Stat. St. 32-628; 32-1546), Paid per signature: No ban, but must state whether the circulator is paid or volunteering on the petition (Neb. Art. XVI, 1; O.R.C. Who can sign the petition: Registered electors of the state (M.C.L.A. 1953 20A-7-204.1). St. 32-628; 32-1546). Art. An estimated fiscal impact statement must be printed with any constitutional amendment or initiated or referred measure on the ballot. Subject restrictions: Referendum shall not apply to dedications of revenue, to appropriations, to local or special legislation or to laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety (Const. 3, 2), Proponent organization and requirements: No additional. The board may certify them, or if it finds they are misleading or confusing, may refuse to certify them. Geographic distribution: Signers must be from at least three-fourths of the states house districts, and signatures in each house district must equal at least 7% of those who voted in the preceding general election in the house district (AS 15.45.350(2)). Proponent organization and requirements: Primary sponsors file names with secretary of state, and a principal circulator is listed (Neb. Sponsors of advertising must file a report within 24 hours of the time the advertisement is published, mailed or otherwise revealed to the public if the advertisement qualifies as an independent expenditure or has a fair market value or actual cost of $1,000 or more (RCW 42.17A.260). Stat. 7-9-107), Legislature or other government official review: No statute, Public review or notice: Notice to be posted in statewide newspaper five months before election at expense of petitioners (Ark. b. are essentially free of charge, because the media needs to fill the "spot." Outer page of petition pamphlet includes warning to signers. Citizen initiatives and popular referenda are two forms of direct democracy. The secretary of state submits the title to the attorney general for approval when signed petitions are filed for verification. The initiative and referendum process enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. Petition title and summary creation: Attorney general (ORS 250.065(4)). VI). 1-40-108. Art. Details: Every initiative state requires some form of public notice. Fiscal review: If the measure will have an effect on revenue, expenditures or the fiscal liability of the state, the attorney general orders the budget director to prepare one (MCA 13-27-312). b. that Kennedy had a much stronger performance than Nixon during televised Number of signatures required: 5% of votes cast for all candidates for governor at the last gubernatorial election (Const. Recall elections are an electoral device first used by the. XLVII , Pt. Unlimited, but if number of filed signatures is deemed insufficient, sponsors have 30 days to collect more. Const. Ballot title and summary: Lieutenant governor drafts a title which is limited to 25 words and must indicate the general subject area of the act and a "proposition" of not more than 50 words for each section that gives a true and impartial summary of the act being referred (Const. Geographic distribution: The maximum number of signatures counted from any individual congressional district is one-fifth of the total number required (MS Const. Six states do not have a law governing conflicting measures: Florida, Illinois, Montana, Oregon, South Dakota and Wyoming. Rev. 3, 24). 34-1804). Must file statement of organization as a PAC upon receiving contributions or making expenditures in any combination of at least $1,000 in connection with an election. Petition title and summary creation: The filer submits a description pursuant to N.R.S. If includes expenditures, must also include sufficient increased revenue sources that cannot come from general fund. The attorney general reviews the ballot title after signed petitions are turned in (34 Okl.St.Ann. Tit. Verification: The legislature may authorize generally accepted statistical procedures. 3, 52). IV, pt. 54, 53). 1953 20A-7-205; 20A-2-105). It made gerrymandering illegal. Fiscal statement is included in voter pamphlet as is other information. Law 6-205(d)). What was the question asked in the 1967 referendum? Ballot title and summary: Attorney general. 11 5, Idaho: I.C. 24. Must include the names, addresses and signatures of at least 25 electors as sponsors and the full text of the measure (Const. If the petition is insufficient, the sponsors have 10 extra days to collect more signatures (OH Const. Art. 250.137; 250.139). Withdrawal process of individual signature: Signature may be withdrawn not later than 5 p.m. on the date the petition containing the person's signature is filed by signing a statement of intent to withdraw at the secretary of state's office, mailing a signed, notarized statement of intent to the secretary of state or drawing a line through the signature and printed name (ARS 19-113). And attorney general reviews legality (MCA 13-27-202; 13-27-312; 13-27-402). Who creates petitions: Secretary of state (Wyo. Who can sign the petition: Qualified voters (M.G.L.A. Const. Repeal or change restrictions: Legislature may propose alternative measure or initiate the standard process for amending the constitution (MS Const. St. 32-1405). Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (NMSA 1-17-5 and -6). Rev. Art. III, 2; Art. 12; 25). 7-9-114). Ballot title and summary: Director of elections, with approval of state board of canvassers, drafts a statement of purpose of not more than 100 words for the ballot (MCL 168.32(2)). Details on who or which offices write the title and summary are listed below: Cal.Const. III, 1). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: All campaign finance activity must be conducted through a campaign finance entity. Submission deadline of signatures: 18 months (W.S.1977 22-24-315). Timeline for taking effect: 30 days after the election (Const. III, 6). This deadline pertains to when counties must submit petitions with verified signatures to the secretary of state. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: Yes (IC 34-1807). Art. For statute, 8% of total votes cast for governor in last general election. Sponsors draft summary and submit to board of state canvassers for approval. Code 9014). Art. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: There is a principal circulator whose information is publicly available upon request (NRS 32-1406). Who creates petitions: Secretary of state designs the petition and the division of elections issues the actual petition to proponents (M.R.S.A. Circulator requirements: Age 18 or older (Elec. 1953 20A-6-106; 20A-7-206). II, 1b; O.R.C. 3, 6). 168.32). For initiated state statutesorveto referendums, signatures must be gathered from 5% of qualified electors in each of one-third (34) of the state's 100 legislative districts. Public meetings are also held and posting of amendments (A.R.S. III, 3) and at least 18 years of age (NDCC 16.1-01-09(4)). Subject restrictions: Such laws as may be necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, safety or support of the state government and its existing public institutions are not subject to referendum (Const. The secretary of state is directed to prescribe a form for this process (MCA 13-27-301(3)). Art. Art. 14, 3), Who can sign the petition: Registered Illinois voters (ILCS Const. Art. Whats it called when you dont participate in politics? Art. 22-24-401, Laws related to dedications of revenue, appropriations, local or special legislation or laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety. Must file a statement of formation as a political action committee within 10 days of formation. The right of candidates to spend their own money on running for office Art. 2, 3; Const. III, 4). Art. What unusual act did the Texas legislature perform in 2002? Vote requirement for passage: Majority (MCA 13-27-504). Signers must be residents in at least three-fourths of the state house districts, and signatures in each house district must equal in number at least 7% of those who voted in the preceding general election, 3% of total votes cast for the office of governor from at least 15 counties. The secretary of state then refers both to the attorney general, who determines the legal sufficiency of the issue, approves the petitioner's ballot statements and determines whether a fiscal note is necessary. 32-1411. Vote requirement for passage: Majority (Const. A successful referendum may alter the division of the Constitutional power between Commonwealth and State Parliaments. What is on each petition: Must follow form guidelines and include signature of attorney general, affidavit of canvassers, instructions and signatures for only one county (A.C.A. Must file a statement of organization as a political issues committee no later than seven days after receiving contributions or making expenditures totaling at least $750, and annually by 5 p.m. on Jan. 10 thereafter, unless it has filed a notice of dissolution. 5, 1). 1-40-111). Art. In order to receive contributions or make expenditures in excess of $1,500 in a calendar year, groups must form a committee for political action and register with the secretary of state. II, 18). These serve as the ballot title (MCA 13-27-312). Art. Art. The intention is to display ads that are relevant and engaging for the individual user and thereby more valuable for publishers and third party advertisers. 3519.01 and 3519.05(C). 2, 8), Proponent organization and requirements: Statement of organization and filing fee with secretary of state and local filing officer, arguments for measure (Cal.Gov.Code 84101, 84101.5; Cal.Elec.Code 9065, 9067). Who creates petitions: Secretary of state (Neb.Rev.St. 2, 8). After all reviews are complete, secretary of state sends the person who submitted the proposal a sample petition form (MCA 13-27-202). III, 5(1) and MCA 13-27-301. A committee must file a statement of organization within 10 days of its organization; must include a brief statement identifying the substance of each ballot question supported or opposed by the committee. Timeline for collecting signatures: Signatures are valid for two years, but a petition can circulate indefinitely (F.S.A. Amend. Direct democracies may operate through an assembly of citizens or by means of referenda and initiatives in which citizens vote on issues instead of for candidates or parties. Statement of organization must be filed not later than 15 days after the committee made or received contributions or paid expenses in excess of $500. 14, 3 and see Coalition for Political Honesty v. State Board of Elections (1976)). From each of at least 26 Utah State Senate districts, legal signatures equal to 5 % for indirect or 10 % for direct initiatives of the total of all votes cast in that district for all candidates for U.S. president at the last general election (U.C.A. Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after it is enacted or approved by a majority of the votes cast (OR CONST Art. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (NDCC Const. II, 1b and 1g; O.R.C. III, 8). Art. Art. Timeline for collecting signatures: May be circulated once the attorney general has drafted a circulating title and summary up to the 90th day after the enactment date of the statute. Where to file: Secretary of state (IC 34-1804). For constitutional amendments, generally take effect upon passage (Opinion of the Justices (1972) 287 N.E.2d 910, 362 Mass. The legislative council determines the estimated fiscal impact at least 90 days before the measure is to be voted on. 3519.01). II, 1g; O.R.C. Reports of contributions received, and expenditures made must be filed at least seven days before any primary, special or general election (Wyo. The supervisor is paid 10 cents by the sponsor for every signature checked if they paid circulators (F.S.A.
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